No one begins using a mood altering substance with the intention of becoming dependent on it. For example, the use of alcohol begins with the notion that it will be used only on social occasions, with certain friends, or for specific purposes. In some cases, it is possible to maintain that level of use. However, for persons who have progressed to dependence on alcohol or other drugs, the sojourn has been difficult. Once past a certain point, there is no turning back. Continuing the journey, with any expectation of health and well-being, will require substance abuse treatment.
| Common Consequences | Some of the common consequences experienced by substance abusing individuals could include:
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The Bio-Psycho-Social Approach |
The bio-psycho-social approach to substance abuse treatment has emerged to provide a broader, more holistic view of substance abuse and its treatment. It is the model that is probably most widely endorsed by treatment researchers because it can most adequately explain the intricate nature of addiction. Biological causes of substance abuse include a possible hereditary predisposition, especially for alcoholism. Substance abuse also may be initiated and continued because individuals experience emotional and psychological problems. Initially, chemicals can produce positive sensations that help counteract painful events and underlying problems. Finally, alcohol and other drug use often begins in social situations. It is through social interactions that substance use is often learned and reinforced. Addiction also is often correlated with various social problems such as unemployment, poverty, racism, and family dysfunction.
The most important implication of the bio-psycho-social model for treatment is the realization that a single treatment approach is unlikely to be sufficient. Rather, as biological, psychological and social needs are assessed, an integrated, comprehensive treatment response must be implemented to meet the entire range of needs of the individual.
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| Treatment Plan | A comprehensive treatment plan could include a medical evaluation to assess for detoxification, physical ailments and possible pharmaceutical treatments. Cognitive-behavioral therapy to assist in the strengthening of psychological wellness. Education on individual’s personal relapse triggers and the introduction of strategies to help circumvent future relapse. Finally, a strengthening of an individual’s sober support system which could include attendance at 12-step meetings, couple and family counseling.
The process of substance abuse counseling is an amicable and honest relationship between counselor and client. Cooperatively we will agree on treatment strategies and work hard to implement them to a successful conclusion. By treatment’s conclusion, the client will have a greater understanding of the roots of their addiction and better strategies to thwart the undesirable consequences associated with substance abuse.
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